WHAT I LEARNED?
⊙ Instructional design
Instructional design is the systematic process by which instructional materials are designed, developed, and delivered.
⊙ Instructional Technology
Instructional Technology is the study and ethical practice of promoting learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.
A closely related term, e-learning, refers to the use of modern technology, such as computers, digital technology, networked digital devices and associated software and courseware with learning scripts, worksheets and interactive exercises that promote learning.
Instructional design and instructional technology have the same purpose that improves the effective learning.
⊙ World War II
Instructional technology was born as a military response during World War II. It is a big problem that has a labor shortage in the United States. There was a definitive need to fill the factories with skilled labor. Instructional technology provided a methodology for training in a systematic and effective way.
During the War, a considerable amount of training materials for the military were developed based on the principles of instruction, learning, and human behavior. Tests for assessing a learner’s abilities were used to screen candidates for the training programs. After the success of military training, psychologists began to view training as a system, and developed various analysis, design, and evaluation procedures in the field of instructional technology.
⊙ Seymour Papert
In 1968, Seymour Papert invented the LOGO programming language. In his opinion, a good education is not taught how to make better, but how to provide suitable space and opportunity for learners to construct their own knowledge.
Today Seymour Papert is considered the world's foremost expert of Instructional Technology that can provide new ways to learn. He has carried out educational projects to go every continent that help some of people in remote villages in developing countries.
⊙ Learning theory
Learning theory is conceptual framework describing how information is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning.
*In education there are several theories that are used in the field of instructional design. Many educators use the three most popular theories on a daily basis at any given time in a class. These theories can be documented back to the era of Aristotle. The three popular theories are Behaviorism, Cognitivism, and Constructivism.
⊙ Behaviorism
Behaviorism is a theory that operates on a rule of “stimulus-response.”
⊙ Cognitivism
Cognitivism is a theory that describes how information travels from the sensory memory to the working memory to the long-term memory. The learner is like a computer that has an information processor.
⊙ Constructivism
Constructivism is the theory that learners build their construction of knowledge. The learner is an information constructor of the computer.
There are a few similarities in the three theories. In the Behaviorist theory and Cognitive theory both theories believe in reinforcing the concept. Also the Cognitive theory and Constructivist theory both believe in using various representations to learn. Cognitive theory uses premade visuals where Constructivist theory use visuals discovered by learners.
Instructional design is the systematic process by which instructional materials are designed, developed, and delivered.
⊙ Instructional Technology
Instructional Technology is the study and ethical practice of promoting learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.
A closely related term, e-learning, refers to the use of modern technology, such as computers, digital technology, networked digital devices and associated software and courseware with learning scripts, worksheets and interactive exercises that promote learning.
Instructional design and instructional technology have the same purpose that improves the effective learning.
⊙ World War II
Instructional technology was born as a military response during World War II. It is a big problem that has a labor shortage in the United States. There was a definitive need to fill the factories with skilled labor. Instructional technology provided a methodology for training in a systematic and effective way.
During the War, a considerable amount of training materials for the military were developed based on the principles of instruction, learning, and human behavior. Tests for assessing a learner’s abilities were used to screen candidates for the training programs. After the success of military training, psychologists began to view training as a system, and developed various analysis, design, and evaluation procedures in the field of instructional technology.
⊙ Seymour Papert
In 1968, Seymour Papert invented the LOGO programming language. In his opinion, a good education is not taught how to make better, but how to provide suitable space and opportunity for learners to construct their own knowledge.
Today Seymour Papert is considered the world's foremost expert of Instructional Technology that can provide new ways to learn. He has carried out educational projects to go every continent that help some of people in remote villages in developing countries.
⊙ Learning theory
Learning theory is conceptual framework describing how information is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning.
*In education there are several theories that are used in the field of instructional design. Many educators use the three most popular theories on a daily basis at any given time in a class. These theories can be documented back to the era of Aristotle. The three popular theories are Behaviorism, Cognitivism, and Constructivism.
⊙ Behaviorism
Behaviorism is a theory that operates on a rule of “stimulus-response.”
⊙ Cognitivism
Cognitivism is a theory that describes how information travels from the sensory memory to the working memory to the long-term memory. The learner is like a computer that has an information processor.
⊙ Constructivism
Constructivism is the theory that learners build their construction of knowledge. The learner is an information constructor of the computer.
There are a few similarities in the three theories. In the Behaviorist theory and Cognitive theory both theories believe in reinforcing the concept. Also the Cognitive theory and Constructivist theory both believe in using various representations to learn. Cognitive theory uses premade visuals where Constructivist theory use visuals discovered by learners.